diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index 7a1b0c8..a94fa3c 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -51,6 +51,13 @@ export async function setupRuby(options = {}) {
   createGemRC(engine, version)
   envPreInstall()
 
+  // JRuby can use compiled extension code, so make sure gcc exists.
+  // As of Jan-2022, JRuby compiles against msvcrt.
+  if (platform.startsWith('windows') && (engine === 'jruby') && 
+    !fs.existsSync('C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gcc.exe')) {
+    await require('./windows').installJRubyTools()
+  }
+
   const rubyPrefix = await installer.install(platform, engine, version)
 
   // When setup-ruby is used by other actions, this allows code in them to run
diff --git a/windows.js b/windows.js
index 608500d..d652669 100644
--- a/windows.js
+++ b/windows.js
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ export async function install(platform, engine, version) {
   // install msys2 tools for all Ruby versions, only install mingw or ucrt for Rubies >= 2.4
 
   if (!['windows-2019', 'windows-2016'].includes(virtualEnv)) {
-    await installMSY2Tools()
+    await installMSYS2Tools()
   }
 
   if ((( winMSYS2Type === 'ucrt64') || !['windows-2019', 'windows-2016'].includes(virtualEnv)) &&
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ async function installGCCTools(type) {
 
 // Actions windows-2022 image does not contain any MSYS2 build tools.  Install tools for it.
 // A subset of the MSYS2 base-devel group
-async function installMSY2Tools() {
+async function installMSYS2Tools() {
   const downloadPath = await common.measure(`Downloading msys2 build tools`, async () => {
     let url = `https://github.com/MSP-Greg/setup-msys2-gcc/releases/download/msys2-gcc-pkgs/msys2.7z`
     console.log(url)
@@ -111,6 +111,13 @@ async function installMSY2Tools() {
     exec.exec('7z', ['x', downloadPath, '-aoa', '-bd', `-o${msys2BasePath}`], { silent: true }))
 }
 
+// Windows JRuby can install gems that require compile tools, only needed for
+// windows-2022 image
+export async function installJRubyTools() {
+  await installMSYS2Tools()
+  await installGCCTools('mingw64')
+}
+
 async function downloadAndExtract(engine, version, url, base, rubyPrefix) {
   const parentDir = path.dirname(rubyPrefix)